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Roman numerals from 1 to 100 (chart and rules)
A chart of Roman numerals from 1 to 100, the seven symbols and their values, the rules for adding and subtracting (IV, IX, XL, XC), and quick examples like 49 = XLIX.
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Roman numerals use letters for numbers. You still see them on clocks, book chapters, film credits and event names.
The symbols
| Symbol | I | V | X | L | C | D | M |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Value | 1 | 5 | 10 | 50 | 100 | 500 | 1000 |
The rules
- Add when a symbol is followed by one of equal or smaller value: VI = 5 + 1 = 6, XX = 20, LXX = 70.
- Subtract when a smaller symbol comes before a larger one, in these six pairs only: IV = 4, IX = 9, XL = 40, XC = 90, CD = 400, CM = 900.
- Don't use the same symbol more than three times in a row: 40 is XL, not XXXX.
- Build a number from its tens and ones: 49 = 40 + 9 = XL + IX = XLIX (not IL).
Chart: 1 to 100
| 1 to 20 | 21 to 40 | 41 to 60 | 61 to 80 | 81 to 100 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 = I | 21 = XXI | 41 = XLI | 61 = LXI | 81 = LXXXI |
| 2 = II | 22 = XXII | 42 = XLII | 62 = LXII | 82 = LXXXII |
| 3 = III | 23 = XXIII | 43 = XLIII | 63 = LXIII | 83 = LXXXIII |
| 4 = IV | 24 = XXIV | 44 = XLIV | 64 = LXIV | 84 = LXXXIV |
| 5 = V | 25 = XXV | 45 = XLV | 65 = LXV | 85 = LXXXV |
| 6 = VI | 26 = XXVI | 46 = XLVI | 66 = LXVI | 86 = LXXXVI |
| 7 = VII | 27 = XXVII | 47 = XLVII | 67 = LXVII | 87 = LXXXVII |
| 8 = VIII | 28 = XXVIII | 48 = XLVIII | 68 = LXVIII | 88 = LXXXVIII |
| 9 = IX | 29 = XXIX | 49 = XLIX | 69 = LXIX | 89 = LXXXIX |
| 10 = X | 30 = XXX | 50 = L | 70 = LXX | 90 = XC |
| 11 = XI | 31 = XXXI | 51 = LI | 71 = LXXI | 91 = XCI |
| 12 = XII | 32 = XXXII | 52 = LII | 72 = LXXII | 92 = XCII |
| 13 = XIII | 33 = XXXIII | 53 = LIII | 73 = LXXIII | 93 = XCIII |
| 14 = XIV | 34 = XXXIV | 54 = LIV | 74 = LXXIV | 94 = XCIV |
| 15 = XV | 35 = XXXV | 55 = LV | 75 = LXXV | 95 = XCV |
| 16 = XVI | 36 = XXXVI | 56 = LVI | 76 = LXXVI | 96 = XCVI |
| 17 = XVII | 37 = XXXVII | 57 = LVII | 77 = LXXVII | 97 = XCVII |
| 18 = XVIII | 38 = XXXVIII | 58 = LVIII | 78 = LXXVIII | 98 = XCVIII |
| 19 = XIX | 39 = XXXIX | 59 = LIX | 79 = LXXIX | 99 = XCIX |
| 20 = XX | 40 = XL | 60 = LX | 80 = LXXX | 100 = C |
Try it
Convert any number up to 3,999 both ways with our free Roman numeral converter.
Common questions
What is 50 in Roman numerals?
L.
How do you write 99 in Roman numerals?
XCIX: 90 is XC and 9 is IX.
Why is 4 written IV and not IIII?
Roman numerals avoid four of the same symbol in a row, so 4 is written as 5 − 1, IV. (Some clock faces still use IIII for style.)
Is there a Roman numeral for zero?
No. The Roman system had no symbol for zero.
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This guide is general information. For exams, follow your school, teacher and official exam board, and use your own judgement about what suits your child.